January 08
1675 - In the United States , the first corporation was charted: the New York Fishing Company .”
1786- birthday of Nicholas Biddle, American lawyer, diplomat, statesman and financier who served as president of the Second Bank of the United States . Born at Philadelphia , PA , he died there Feb 27,1844.
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0807491.html
1798 - The 11th Amendment of the United States Constitution, modifying the power of the Supreme Court, was ratified.
1806- Lewis & Clark find skeleton of 105' blue whale in Oregon
http://lewisandclarktrail.com/section4/oregon.htm
http://www.lcbo.net/sites-region5.html
1812-The greatest battle of the War of 1812 and its finest American victory came on Jan. 8, 1815, two weeks after the war had been ended officially by the Treaty of Client. The Battle of New Orleans was fought on the British side by 7500 veterans under the command of Gen. Sir Edward Pakenham. The U.S. force, under the command of Gen. Andrew Jackson, comprised about 4500 troops, many of them expert marksmen from Kentucky and Tennessee armed with exceedingly accurate long rifles. The U.S. troops were strongly entrenched when on the morning of Jan. 8 the British, in close ranks, made two assaults on their lines. In half an hour the British were driven back, Pakenham was killed, and 2036 of his men were killed or wounded. U.S. forces suffered 8 killed and 13 wounded. Although the battle had no bearing on the outcome of the war, it was a stimulus to U.S. pride, which had suffered from several embarrassing defeats during the conflict. The battle made a military hero of Gen. Jackson, whose political career was advanced.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jan08.html
http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?amtoday:1
:./temp/~ammem_RaUW ::
1821-Birthday of Confederate General James Longstreet, born near Edgefield , South Carolina . Longstreet became one of the most successful generals in the Confederate Army, but after the war was a target of some of his comrades, who were searching for a scapegoat. Longstreet grew up in Georgia and attended West Point , graduating 54th in a class of 62 in 1842. He was a close friend of Ulysses S. Grant, and served as best man in Grant's 1848 wedding to Julia Dent, Longstreet's fourth cousin. Longstreet fought in the Mexican War and was wounded at the Battle of Chapultepec. He served in the army until he resigned at the beginning of the Civil War, when he was named brigadier general in the Confederate Army. Longstreet fought at the First Battle of Bull Run and within a year was commander of corps in the Army of Northern Virginia under General Robert E. Lee. Upon the death of General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson at the Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863, Longstreet was considered the most effective corps commander in Lee's army. He served with Lee for the rest of the war--except for the fall of 1863, when he took his force to aid the Confederate effort in Tennessee . Longstreet was severely wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness in May 1864, and he did not return to service for six months. He resumed service and fought with Lee until the surrender at Appomattox in April 1865. After the war, Longstreet engaged in a number of businesses and held several governmental posts, most notably U.S. Minister to Turkey . Although successful, he made two moves that greatly tarnished his reputation among his fellow southerners. He joined the despised Republican Party and publicly questioned Lee's strategy at the pivotal Battle of Gettysburg. His fellow officers considered these sins to be unforgivable, and former comrades such as Generals Jubal Early and John Gordon attacked Longstreet as a traitor. They asserted that, in fact, Longstreet was responsible for the errors that lost Gettysburg . There is a controversy regarding JEB Stuart and other actions, attributed to both the confusion of the battle, communication problems, and “battle decisions” rather than plans. Longstreet outlived most of his comrades and detractors but died on January 2, 1904. His second wife, Helen Dortch, lived until 1962.
1838- a telegraphic system in which dotes and dashes represented letters was invented by Alfred Vail of Morristown , NJ . On this date in 1938, he transmitted its first message: “ A patient waiter is no loser.” On January 24, in a public demonstration given at New York University , NYC, the message ‘Attention the Universe, By Kingdom's Right Wheel.” was transmitted through a circuit of 10 miles.
1856 - Dr. John Veatch discovered Borax, hydrated sodium borate, in Tuscan Springs , California . It would become a multiuse product popularized during the time of television's "Death Valley Days".
1867-- Election law granting African-American men the right to vote was the congressional act of January 8, 1867, amending voting practices in Washington , DC . Every male citizen of the city who was 21 years of age or over was given the right to vote, except paupers, those under guardianship, men convicted of infamous crimes, and men who gave voluntary comfort to the rebels during the Civil War. The bill was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson on January 5, 1867. He had been chosen president after the election was decided by the electoral congress committee by promising Southern Democrats to vote against any reformation measures. His veto was overridden in the Senate by a vote of 29 to 10 and in the House by a vote of 112 to 28.
1877-Outnumbered, low on ammunition, and forced to use outdated weapons to defend themselves, Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their final losing battle against the U.S. Cavalry in Montana. Six months earlier, Crazy Horse (Tashunca-uitco) and his ally, Sitting Bull (Tatanka Iyotake), led their combined forces of Sioux and Cheyenne to a stunning victory over Lieutenant Colonel George Custer and his men near the Little Bighorn River of Montana. Outraged by the killing of the flamboyant Custer and more than 200 soldiers, the American people demanded speedy revenge. The U.S. Army responded by commanding General Nelson Miles to mount a winter campaign in 1876-77 against the remaining hostile Indians on the Northern Plains. Combining military force with diplomatic overtures, Nelson succeeded in convincing many Indians to surrender and return to their reservations. Much to Nelson's frustration, though, Sitting Bull refused to give in and fled across the border to Canada , where he and his people remained for four years before finally returning to the U.S. to surrender in 1881. Meanwhile, Crazy Horse and his band also refused to surrender, though they were suffering badly from sickness and starvation. His followers later reported that Crazy Horse, who had always been slightly odd, began to grow even stranger during this difficult time, disappearing for days into the wilderness by himself and walking about the camp with his eyes to the ground. On January 8, 1877, General Miles found Crazy Horse's camp along Montana 's Tongue River . The soldiers opened fire with their big wagon-mounted guns, driving the Indians from their warm tents out into a raging blizzard. Crazy Horse and his warriors managed to regroup on a ridge and return fire, but most of their ammunition was gone, and they were reduced to fighting with bows and arrows. They managed to hold off the soldiers long enough for the women and children to escape under cover of the blinding blizzard before they turned to follow them. Though he had escaped decisive defeat, Crazy Horse realized that Miles and his well-equipped cavalry troops would eventually hunt down and destroy his cold and hungry people. On May 6, 1877, Crazy Horse led 1,100 Indians to the Red Cloud reservation near Fort Robinson . The mighty warrior surrendered in the face of insurmountable obstacles. Five months later, after he tried to escape, two guards led him back to the guardhouse, and he did not want to go. One of the of guards put a bayonet in his stomach and Crazy Horse died.
1889 - Dr. Herman Hollerith patented the tabulating machine. The machine tallied numbers fed to it on punch cards. The system was first used extensively to compile statistics for the eleventh federal census in 1890. In 1896, Hollerith organized the Tabulating Machine Company, which later grew into the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM).
1901 - In Chicago , Illinois , the first bowling tournament sanctioned by the American Bowling Congress was held.
1904-Birthday of songwriter/guitarist Tampa Red
http://www.toad.net/~harpe/blues/tampa.html
http://yazoobluesmailorder.com/yaz1039.html
1918 - United States President Woodrow Wilson presented his Fourteen Points to Congress, a peace plan aimed at a new world order after World War I.
1918-- Mississippi ratified the Prohibition Amendment and on January 16, 1919, Nebraska became the 36 th state, making the three-fourth of the state requirement for the prohibition of alcohol which went into effect on January 16, 1920. In 1933, it became the first constitut8ional amendment to be repealed.
1918-- in a speech before a hastily convened joint session of Congress, President Woodrow Wilson presented Fourteen Points for a just peace. The proposal called for reduction of armaments to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety, “open covenants openly arrived at,” self-determination of governments and the creation of a League of Nations to preserve peace. Wilson was unable to obtain Allied agreement to his proposals.
1923-Birthday of pianist Bobby Tucker, Morriston, NY http://www.partymusicfactory.com/bobby_tucker.htm
1926-Birthday of one of my favorite comedians, Soupy Sales, born Morton Supman, Wake Forest , NC .
http://www.amdest.com/stars/ssales.html
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/6301783522/
avsearch-df1-14-20/104-3547695-1517507
1931-Birthday of music producer/promoter Bill Graham ( Wolfgang Grajonca ,) Berlin , Germany
http://www.billgrahammenorah.com/ ( see biography of Graham)
http://www.sttart.com/sttartpc/bgpcdx1.html
1932-Birthday of Mel Tillis, the Country Music Association Entertainer of the Year in 1976, born in Tampa , Florida . Equally talented as a singer and as a songwriter, Tillis began his hit-making career in 1958 with "The Violet and the Rose." His top-ten singles have included "Who's Julie," "The Arms of a Fool" and "Memory Maker." Tillis has a speech impediment, but has made his stuttering a part of his act.
http://www.meltillis.com/
1935-- birthday of Elvis Aaron Presley, American rock singer, born at Tupelo , MS . Although his middle name was spelled incorrectly as “Aron” on his birth certificate, Elvis had it legally changed to “Aaron,” which is how it is spelled on his gravestone. Died at Memphis , TN , Aug 16,1977. His motto was “TCB”, taking care of business.
http://www.elvis.com/
http://www.elvispresleyonline.com/html/elvis_presley_online.html
http://www.ibiblio.org/elvis/elvishom.html
http://www.presleyspride.com/news.html
http://www.elvis.com.au/
http://elvis.com/epmemphis/
http://www.hotshotdigital.com/tribute/ElvisPresley.html
1937 -50ºF (-45.6ºC), San Jacinto , Nevada (state record) Elko
1940-- birthday of rocker Little Anthony, Hollywood , CA. http://www.tsimon.com/anthony.html
1941- American mogul William Randolph Hearst, owner of the Hearst newspaper chain, forbids any of his newspapers from accepting ads for Orson Welles' Citizen Kane, slated for release later in the year. The film was generally interpreted as a psychological study of Hearst, portrayed as the fictional Charles Foster Kane. In March 1941, Welles threatened to sue Hearst for trying to suppress the film, and RKO if it failed to release the film. The film premiered May 1, 1941, at the RKO Palace in New York and became one of the most highly regarded films of all time.
http://www.delafont.com/music_acts/Little-Anthony.htm
1941-- Harry James records “ Music Makers” ( Columbia 25932)
1942-Birthday of drummer Bill Goodwin, Los Angeles http://website.philwoods.com:8080/goodwin.htm
http://ubl.artistdirect.com/music/artist/bio/0,,437013,00.html?
artist=Bill+Goodwin
1944---Top Hits
My Heart Tells Me - The Glen Gray Orchestra (vocal: Eugenie Baird)
Paper Doll - The Mills Brothers
People Will Say We're in Love - Bing Crosby
Pistol Packin' Mama - Bing Crosby & The Andrews Sisters.
1952 - Marie Wilson debuted on television as "My Friend Irma". The show spent years on radio, and was highly popular, but only lasted two seasons on television.
http://www.timstvshowcase.com/irma.html
http://us.imdb.com/Title?0041673 1952---Top Hits
Slowpoke - Pee Wee King
Sin (It's No) - Eddy Howard
Undecided - The Ames Brothers
Let Old Mother Nature Have Her Way - Carl Smith
1956- Elvis Presley's "Don't Be Cruel/Hound Dog" single goes to #1 & stays #1 for a record 11 weeks (for a single.)
1957 - Elvis Presley passed his Army pre-induction exam in Memphis , Tennessee .
http://www.33darmor.com/elvis/elvis_in_army.html
http://www.bomp.com/BompbooksElvisArmy.html
1960---Top Hits
Why - Frankie Avalon
Running Bear - Johnny Preston
Way Down Yonder in New Orleans - Freddie Cannon
El Paso - Marty Robbins
1968---Top Hits
Hello Goodbye - The Beatles
Daydream Believer - The Monkees
Judy in Disguise (With Glasses) - John Fred & His Playboy Band
For Loving You - Bill Anderson & Jan Howard
1957-- birthday of former 49er “The Catch” Dwight Edward Clark, Kinston, NC, now general manager of the Cleveland Brown, considered a “traitor” for the way he left the 49ers along with Carmen Policy, who many fans like better than Al Davis, today.
1958 - At age 14, Bobby Fisher won his first United States Chess Championship for the first time.
1960 - The NCAA met in New York to vote against resurrecting the unlimited substitution rule in college football.
1961 - Robert Goulet made his national television debut in the United States on CBS's "The Ed Sullivan Show".
1964-- President Lyndon Johnson declared a War on Poverty in his State of the Union address. He stressed improved education as one of the cornerstones of the program. The following Aug 20. he signed a $947.5 million anti-poverty bill designed to assist more than 30 million citizens. His fear of not being considered an anti-communist and too liberal kept us in the Viet Nam war as his diary and letters now reveal. His lack of foreign policy leadership overshadowed his domestic accomplishments.
1965-- Loma Elizabeth Lockwood of Douglas , AZ , was elected chief justice of the Arizona Supreme Court, the first woman to become a state supreme court justice.
She served from 1965 to 1975. She had been elected an associate justice of the court in 1961.
1965 - On NBC, the television dance show "Hullabaloo" debuted. The show took a weekly trip into rock and roll with a group of girls in mini-skirts. ABC tried to compete with "Shindig".
1966 - The Beatles LP, "Rubber Soul", began its 6-week run at the top of the album chart. Since February, 1964, it was the seventh Beatles LP to hit #1 on the album charts. "Rubber Soul" lasted another 56 weeks on the charts. The other Beatles #1 albums to that date were: "Meet the Beatles", "The Beatles Second Album", "A Hard Day's Night", "Beatles '65", "Beatles VI" and "Help!". 1969, photographer Iain Macmillan took six pictures of the Beatles crossing the street outside their Abbey Road studio in London . A police officer held up traffic while the band walked back and forth several times. Paul McCartney chose one of the pictures for the cover of the " Abbey Road " album.
1970- Janis Joplin bought a tombstone for blues singer Bessie Smith's unmarked grave in a Philadelphia cemetery. Less than two months later, Joplin herself was dead of a drug overdose. Smith had died following an auto accident in 1942 at the age of 37.
1971-- Jason Gilbert Giambi, born West Covina , CA , former Oakland Athletics now New York Yankee baseball player. Arizona beat the Yankees last year.
1972--the NCAA announced that freshman would be eligible to play varsity football and basketball starting in the fall of 1972.
1973 - Carly Simon was awarded a gold record for her single, "You're So Vain".
1973- National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger and Hanoi 's Le Duc Tho resume peace negotiations in Paris . After the South Vietnamese had blunted the massive North Vietnamese invasion launched in the spring of 1972, Kissinger and the North Vietnamese had finally made some progress on reaching a negotiated end to the war. However, a recalcitrant South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu had inserted several demands into to the negotiations that caused the North Vietnamese negotiators to walk out of the talks on December 13.
President Richard Nixon issued an ultimatum to Hanoi to send its representatives back to the conference table within 72 hours "or else." The North Vietnamese rejected Nixon's demand and the president ordered Operation Linebacker II, a full-scale air campaign against the Hanoi area. On December 28, after 11 days of round-the-clock bombing (with the exception of a 36-hour break for Christmas), North Vietnamese officials agreed to return to the peace negotiations in Paris. When the negotiators returned on January 8, the peace talks moved along quickly. On January 23, 1973, the United States , North Vietnam , the Republic of Vietnam , and the Viet Cong signed a cease-fire agreement that took effect five days later.
1974 -Gold hits record $126.50 an ounce in London .
1997--Texaco took action against David Keough, one of the executives surreptitiously caught on tape making racist jokes and admitting to destroying potentially incriminating documents. An assistant treasurer at Texaco's finance insurance subsidiary, Keough was fired after officials for the oil giant received the findings of independent counsel Michael Armstrong's investigation into the tape scandal. Keough's firing was just the latest chapter in Texaco's tape saga: earlier in 1996, the discovery of the tape had helped a group of 1,400 employees win a $175 million settlement in a racial discrimination suit brought against the company. That same year Richard Lundwall and Robert Ulrich, two of the other executives captured on the tape, stood trial on charges of conspiracy and obstruction of justice; Ludwall and Ulrich were acquitted of those charges in 1998.
1975 - Ella Grasso became the first woman to become a governor of a state without her husband preceding her, when she was elected as governor of Connecticut .
1976---Top Hits
Saturday Night - Bay City Rollers
I Write the Songs - Barry Manilow
Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To) - Diana Ross
Convoy - C.W. McCall
1977 - Barbra Streisand's recording of Evergreen debuted on Billboard's popular record charts on this date, staying on the charts for 18 weeks, and was in the Number 1 spot for 3 weeks. The song, love theme from the movie A Star is Born, was later certified gold.
1982 -Johnny Cash Parkway opens in Hendersonville Tennessee
1982-- in the most significant antitrust suit since the breakup of Standard Oil American Telephone and Telegraph agreed to give up its 22 local Bell System companies (“Baby Bells”). These companies represented 80 percent of AT&T's assets. This ended the corporation's virtual monopoly on US telephone service. Many critics believe deregulation lead to higher prices and “baby bell” monopolies, plus others believe AT&T is stronger than ever.
1984-- the Seattle Seahawks reached the AFC title game for the first time in their history but were defeated by the Los Angeles Raiders, 30-14
1984---Top Hits
Say Say Say - Paul McCartney & Michael Jackson
Owner of a Lonely Heart - Yes
Twist of Fate - Olivia Newton-John
You Look So Good in Love - George Strait
1987-- The Dow-Jones Index of 30 major industrial stocks topped the 2,000 mark for the first time.
1993-- Michael Jordan scored 35 points to lead the Chicago Bulls to a 120-95 win over the Milwaukee Bucks. the points gave Jordan exactly 20,000 in the 620 th game of his career and made him the second fastest NBA player to reach that mark behind Wilt Chamberlain, who did it in 499 games. January 4, 2002, Jordan back after retirement, hit the 30,000 score mark.
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