1604 - French explorer Samuel de Champlain, Pierre Dugua and 77 others landed on the island of St. Croix and made friends with the native Passamaquoddy Indians. It later became part of Maine on the US-Canadian border.
1819- birthday of Abner Doubleday, who served in the US Army during the Mexican War and the Seminole War in Florida prior to his service in the American Civil War. He was stationed at Charleston, SC, where he manned the first of Fort Sumter's guns to fire back at the Confederates. His service found him at the battle of Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg and as a major general commanding a division at Gettysburg. A commission set up to investigate the origins of baseball by sporting goods manufacturer Albert Spaulding credited Doubleday with inventing the game in the year 1839. Subsequent research has debunked the commission's finding. In researching the letter from a person who later was committed to an insane asylum, Doubleday would have been 18 years old and the writer five years old at the time the writer claimed he witnessed Doubleday “invent” baseball. Alexander Joy Cartwright, an umpire and member of the New York Knickerbockers team set up the first formal rules, laid out the diamond-shaped field and established its nine playing positions. Early versions of baseball, based on the English games of rounders and crickett, were played in the English Colonies of American as far back as the early 1700's. It can be considered America's oldest sport. The History Channel has a documentary on Spaulding, who was quite a promoter and businessman.
1862--Battle of Beaver Dam Creek-Union repulse Confederacy in Virginia
http://www.saverichmondbattlefields.org/battles/beaver_dam_creek.htm
http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/va016.htm
http://216.247.222.222/vpp/or/18620710.htm
1862- Day two of the Seven Days-Battle of Mechanicsville
http://www.geocities.com/larone1/war-facts.htm
see second one:
http://www.civil-war.net/Discussion%20Archives/Mechanicsville%20Archive.htm
1870-The Atlantic City, NJ, Boardwalk was dedicated. To finance it, $5,000 was obtained by the sale, at a 10 percent discount, of scrip which could be used to pay taxes. The boardwalk was eight feet wide a mile long. It was built in eight-foot-collapsible sections, which for 18 years were removed in September and stored for the winter. The idea for the boardwalk was conceived by a hotel man, Jacob Keim of the Chester County House, and Alexander Boardman, a railroad conductor on the Camden and Atlantic Railroad.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jun26.html
1892-Birthday of Pearl S. Buck was one of the first writers to try to explain the Far East to Western readers. She won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1938 for her many novels of Chinese life, especially among the peasantry. She had won the 1932 Pulitzer Prize for her classic novel The Good Earth which was made into a terrible movie. . She adopted nine children and established the Pearl S. Buck Foundation to support or find homes for "Amerasian" children who are abandoned by their American fathers throughout Asia and for abandoned children worldwide. Family pressures had forced her to turn to writing when she was almost 40 and in all, she published more than 100 books, innumerable articles and delivered hundreds of speeches.
1893-Illinois Governor John Peter Altgeld pardoned Samuel Fielden, Michael Schwab and Oscar Neebe, three of the anarchists who had been convicted in the violence connected with the Haymarket Riot on May 4, 1886. At a protest meeting at Haymarket Square an unknown individual three a bomb which caused the death of several policemen. Eight anarchists were tried and convicted of the bombing. Of those one committed suicide the day before he was to be hanged, three were hanged,; and Fielden, Schwab and Neebe were imprisoned. In 1893 the newly elected Altgeld, at the urging of Clarence Darrow, reviewed the transcripts of the trial of these men and concluded that they had been railroaded. The pardon was widely criticized. It was an act of political suicide for Altgeld.
1898-Birthday of singer/guitarist Big Bill Broonzy Birthday
http://home.swipnet.se/bigtony/blues/Artist/Broonzy_BigBill.htm
http://www.broonzy.demon.co.uk/index.html
1909-birthday of Tom “Colonel” Parker, Breda, Holland, known mostly for his management of Elvis Presley as a musician.
1911-Birthday of Babe Didrikson Zaharias, named the world's greatest woman athlete for the first half of the 20th century. The Babe was named top woman athlete in the U.S. for 1931, 1945-47, and 1950, and 1954. She won two gold medals at the 1932 Olympics in track and field and set the world records in the javelin throw and in the 80-meter hurdles. Babe won a total of 114 golf tournaments, 83 amateur golf tournaments, 31 on the P.G.A. tour, with a string of seventeen consecutive major women's tournaments. She won an AAU championship in 1932, was on the amateur all-American basketball team from 1930-32, and even pitched exhibition for the St. Louis Cardinals. The 1911 birth date is according to her sister and baptismal records.
1913-birthday of Willard Jessie Brown, baseball player born at Shreveport, LA. Brown played with the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro National League and with the St. Louis Browns in 1947 when he was 34. He was the first African-American to hit a home run in the American League. Died at Houston, TX, Aug., 1996.
http://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=brownwi02
1914- Born Mildred Ella Didrikson at Port Arthur, TX, the great athlete was nicknamed “Babe” after legendary baseball player Babe Ruth. She was named to the women's All-America basketball team when she was 16. At the 1932 Olympic Games, she won two gold medals and also set world records in the javelin throw and the 80-meter high hurdles; only a technicality prevented her from obtaining the gold in the high jump. Didrikson married professional wrestler George Zaharias in 1938, six years after she began playing golf casually. In 1946 Babe won the US Women's Amateur tournament, and in 1947 she won 17 straight golf championships and became the first American winner of the British Ladies' Amateur Tournament. Turning professional in 1948, she won the US Women's Open in 1950 and 1954, the same year she won the All-American Open. Babe also excelled in softball, baseball, swimming, figure skating, billiards—even football. In a 1950 Associated Press poll she was named the woman athlete of the first half of the 20th century. She died of cancer, Sept 27, 1956, at Galveston, TX. 1916-When the Cleveland Indians walked onto the field for their game for their game against the Chicago White Sox, their home uniforms were adorned for the first time with numbers on the left sleeve. This innovation was abandoned after a short while, and uniform numbers did not appear again until the New York Yankees adoo9pted them in 1929, not on the sleeves but on the backs of their jerseys.
1926-US Troops pulled out of the Dominican Republic, which had received earlier, 1844, independence from Spain. After years of discussing it, Congress decided not to annex the Dominican Republic, or Haiti, and to allow the countries to become sovereign republics.
( lower half of: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jun26.html )
1934- President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed into law the Federal Credit Union Act, thus enabling the formation of credit unions anywhere in the US.
1944-the only time the Brooklyn Dodgers, New York Yankees and New York Giants played together, at a special exhibition game at the Polo Grounds before 50,000 fans. In the six-inning contest, each team played successive innings against the other two and then sat out a frame. The combined final score was Dodgers 5, Yankees 1, Giants O). The proceeds of the game went to purchase war bonds.
1944--MURANAGA, KIYOSHI K. Medal of Honor
Private First Class Kiyoshi K. Muranaga distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 26 June 1944, near Suvereto, Italy. Private First Class Muranaga's company encountered a strong enemy force in commanding positions and with superior firepower. An enemy 88mm self-propelled gun opened direct fire on the company, causing the men to disperse and seek cover. Private First Class Muranaga's mortar squad was ordered to action, but the terrain made it impossible to set up their weapons. The squad leader, realizing the vulnerability of the mortar position, moved his men away from the gun to positions of relative safety. Because of the heavy casualties being inflicted on his company, Private First Class Muranaga, who served as a gunner, attempted to neutralize the 88mm weapon alone. Voluntarily remaining at his gun position, Private First Class Muranaga manned the mortar himself and opened fire on the enemy gun at a range of approximately 400 yards. With his third round, he was able to correct his fire so that the shell landed directly in front of the enemy gun. Meanwhile, the enemy crew, immediately aware of the source of mortar fire, turned their 88mm weapon directly on Private First Class Muranaga's position. Before Private First Class Muranaga could fire a fourth round, an 88mm shell scored a direct hit on his position, killing him instantly. Because of the accuracy of Private First Class Muranaga's previous fire, the enemy soldiers decided not to risk further exposure and immediately abandoned their position. Private First Class Muranaga's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the United States Army.
1945-The United Nations Charter was signed at San Francisco by representatives of 50 nations.
1945---Top Hits
Sentimental Journey - The Les Brown Orchestra (vocal: Doris Day)
Dream - The Pied Pipers
Laura - The Woody Herman Orchestra
At Mail Call Today - Gene Autry
1947-the first transatlantic mobile telephone between two cards was made by U.S. Ambassador James Clement Dunn from Milan, Italy, to Vincent R. Impellitteri, president of the New York City Council, on the occasion of Marconi Day at the Milan Fair.
1947 - No. 1 Billboard Pop Hit: "Chi-Baba, Chi-Baba," Perry Como.
1950- Garry Moore hosted many programs which aired at various times: his first was this date , and it became the longest lasting. Moore was the host, with his sidekick Durward Kirby, of a show blending singing, joking and talking with guests and regulars. Regulars included Ken Carson and Denise Lor. Guest performers included Don Adams, George Gobel, Don Knotts, Jonathan Winters, Leslie Uggams and Carol Burnett. Animals also appeared on the show. This was before Ophray and others.
1953---Top Hits
Song from Moulin Rouge - The Percy Faith Orchestra
April in Portugal - The Les Baxter Orchestra
Ruby - Richard Hayman
Take These Chains from My Heart - Hank Williams
1955--Decca Records announces that Bill Haley and His Comets have sold more than 3 million records in thirteen months. Both "Rock Around The Clock" and "Shake Rattle and Roll" sold a million copies, while "Dim, Dim the Lights" and "Mambo Rock" sold about 500,000.
1956--In an article in LOOK Magazine entitled, The Great Rock 'n' Roll Controversy, swing band leader Benny Goodman makes this comment about Rock 'n' Roll; "I guess its okay, man. At least it has a beat
1957-Hurricane Audrey strikes Louisiana claiming 500 lives
1959- President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Queen Elizabeth II jointly dedicated the St. Lawrence Seaway in formal ceremonies held at St. Lambert, Quebec, Canada. A project undertaken jointly by Canada and the US, the waterway ( which provides access between the Atlantic Ocean and this Great Lakes) had been opened to traffic April 25, 1959.
1959-Ingemar Johannson of Sweden knocked out Floyd Patterson in the third round of a fight at Yankee Stadium to win the heavyweight championship. Patterson and Johannson fought twice more with Patterson regaining the title in June, 1960 and defending it successfully in March, 1961. 1964 - "A Hard Day's Night" was released by United Artists Records. The album featured all original material by The Beatles and became the top album in the country by July 25, 1964.
1961---Top Hits
Quarter to Three - U.S. Bonds
Raindrops - Dee Clark
Tossin' and Turnin' - Bobby Lewis
Hello Walls - Faron Young
1961-- The Yankees beat the Angels, 8-6, and Yogi Berra collects his 2000th career hit, all as a Bronx Bomber. To celebrate the achievement a huge cake is rolled out in Wrigley Field in Los Angeles.
1961-Gary U.S. Bonds had his only US number 1 hit, "Quarter to Three". Bonds and Gene Barge (Daddy G.) added lyrics to an instrumental called, "A Night With Daddy G". Although he released several more singles in the US including "Dear Lady Twist", Bonds found more success in England than his homeland. After years of touring the oldies circuit, Bonds would have another Top 40 hit in the early 1980s with "This Little Girl is Mine".
1963- singer George Michael, one of the biggest rock stars of the late 1980's, was born in London. Michael and Andrew Ridgeley formed the pop duo Wham!, which hit the British chart in 1982 with "Young Guns (Go For It)." North American success followed in 1984, with three straight number-ones - "Wake Me Up Before You Go- Go," "Careless Whisper" and "Everything She Wants." Michael was clearly the mastermind behind the duo. When they broke up in 1986, he began a highly successful solo career. He duetted with Aretha Franklin on "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)," which went to number one. Then came the multi-million selling "Faith" album, which yielded such charttoppers as the title song, "Father Figure" and "One More Try." The album also contained "I Want Your Sex," which some radio stations refused to play despite Michael's claim it endorsed monogamy. In 1990, Michael released "Listen Without Prejudice, Volume One." Although it made the top 10, the album did not match the sales figures of his solo debut
1964- the first Beatles album on which they wrote all the songs, "A Hard Day's Night," was released in North America.
1964- "It's All Over Now" by the Rolling Stones was released. The song, written by American soul singer Bobby Womack, was the first Stones' record to reach number one in Britain.
1965 - "Mr. Tambourine Man", by The Byrds, reached the number one spot on the pop music charts. The song was considered by many to be the first folk-rock hit. The tune was written by Bob Dylan, as were two other hits for the group: "All I Really Want to Do" and "My Back Pages". The group of James Roger McGinn, David Crosby, Gene Clark, Chris Hillman and Mike Clarke charted seven hits. The Byrds were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991.
1966- Sopwith Camel opened for the Rolling Stones in performance at the Daly City Cow Palace. Jefferson Airplane also performed.
1966 --Sutro Baths, The famous San Francisco oceanside landmark burns down
1966 -- Lenny Bruce & the Mothers of Invention appear in concert at the San Francisco Fillmore Auditorium. KFRC Beach Boys' Summer Spectacular at the Cow Palace.
1966 -- Sopwith Camel opens for the Rolling Stones in performance at the San Francisco Cow Palace. Jefferson Airplane also performs
1966 -Sutro Baths, The famous San Francisco oceanside landmark burns down.
1967 - No. 1 Billboard Pop Hit: "Windy," The Association.
1969---Top Hits
Get Back - The Beatles
Love Theme from Romeo & Juliet - Henry Mancini
Bad Moon Rising - Creedence Clearwater Revival
Running Bear - Sonny James
1970-A committee formed by US grocers and food manufacturers recommended in 1973 a Universal Product Code (i.e., a bar code) for supermarket items that would allow electronic scanning of prices. On this day in 1974 a pack of Wrigley's gum was swiped across the first checkout scanner at a supermarket in Troy, OH. Today bar codes are used to keep track of everything from freight cars to cattle.
1971- promoter Bill Graham announced the closing of his Fillmore East and West concert halls in New York and San Francisco. The Fillmore East had operated for three years, and its last concert the following night included performances by the Beach Boys and the Allman Brothers Band. Graham had begun producing rock concerts at the Fillmore West in 1965. The San Francisco club was a prime venue for such psychedelic superstars.
1975-The rules of football were amended: the divisional winners with the highest won-loss percentage were made the home team for the divisional playoffs, and the surviving winners with the highest percentage made home teams for the championship games. 1976 - The CN Tower opened in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. At 1,815 feet, 5 inches high, the tower is the world's tallest building and the tallest freestanding structure.
http://www.cntower.ca/
1977---Top Hits
Got to Give It Up (Pt. I) - Marvin Gaye
Gonna Fly Now (Theme from "Rocky") - Bill Conti
Undercover Angel - Alan O'Day
Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love) - Waylon Jennings
1977- Elvis Presley gave his last performance - at the Market Square Arena in Indianapolis. His final song - "Can't Help Falling in Love." Less than two months later, Presley was found dead in his bathroom at Graceland. The cause of death was at first given as congestive heart failure, but later investigation revealed that drug abuse may have played a part.
1985---Top Hits
Heaven - Bryan Adams
Sussudio - Phil Collins
Raspberry Beret - Prince & The Revolution
Little Things - The Oak Ridge Boys
1986 -Hurricane Bonnie made landfall on the upper Texas coast. A wind gust to 98 mph occurred at Sea Rim State Park. The town of Ace recorded 13 inches of rain.
1987 - Hot weather prevailed in the Pacific Northwest. Afternoon highs of 88 degrees at Seattle, WA, 103 degrees at Medford, OR, and 111 degrees at Redding, CA, were records for the date. Cloudy and cool weather prevailed in the northeastern U.S. The high at Boston, MA, was just 60 degrees.
1988 - Thirteen cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date. In Montana, the record high of 102 degrees at Billings, MT, was their fifteenth of the month, and the high of 108 degrees at Glasgow MT equalled their record for June. Thunderstorms in the Atlantic Coast Region produced wind gusts to 102 mph at Tall Timbers MD
1988 - No. 1 Billboard Pop Hit: "Dirty Diana," Michael Jackson.
1989 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather from the Central Plains to the Middle Mississippi Valley. There were 129 reports of severe weather during the day and night. Thunderstorms in Kansas produced wind gusts to 90 mph at Liberal, and hail four inches in diameter at Quinter. Thunderstorms in Wisconsin spawned a tornado at Lake Delton injuring four persons. Lightning struck and killed a woman at Junction City, KS, who had gotten out of her car to photograph the lightning
2003-Record temperatures hit the Bay Area with 97 in SF and 102 in San Jose. This year while 45 miles away in San Jose and inland reach 103 degrees, the city stays at 65 high due to the fog rolling in.
2003-- Edgar Martinez, who already holds the Mariners all-time records for games played, at-bats, hits, doubles, total bases, extra-base hits, walks and runs scored, passes Ken Griffey Jr.'s mark for team career RBIs. His two-run homer in the Mariners 10-6 victory over the Angels gives the All-Star designated hitter 1,153 RBIs -- one more than Junior.
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